Photo biography of Witte

Sergey Yulievich Witte - Russian statesman, Minister of Railways, Minister of Finance -, Chairman of the Committee of Ministers -, Chairman of the Council of Ministers - a real secret adviser from the year, member of the State Council from the year. Sergei Witte was born on June 17 on June in Tiflis. Came from the Baltic Germans. The family was a legend about the Dutch origin, but "by the 18th century, these Witte were quite numb and represented typical Baltic burghers." His father, Julius-Cristof-Hinrich-Georg Witte, belonged to the ranks of the Courland nobility, in his youth he studied agriculture and mining in Prussia.

In the first half of the XIX century, he was sent to the Saratov province, where he ruled an agricultural farm 80 miles from Saratov. There, Yu. Witte met his future wife Ekaterina Andreevna Fadeeva, the daughter of the Saratov governor A. Fadeev, the granddaughter of Major General Prince P. Dolgorukova, the sister of the writer Elena Gan and the cousin-memoirist E.

Due to the marriage, he moved from Lutheranism to Orthodoxy and became Julius Fedorovich. The marriage took place in the year. The founder of Theosophical Society Elena Blavatsky was S. Witte a cousin. The first 16 years of Sergei Witte's life took place in Tiflis, where he was a free listener in the city gymnasium, then in Chisinau, where he, together with his brother Boris, entered the boarding house to the gymnasium teacher of mathematics Belousov and six months later they both withstood the final exam and received gymnasium certificates.

This gave the brothers the opportunity to learn them at the University of Novorossiysk that had just opened in Odessa; Brother Boris in the year became free at the Faculty of Law, and Sergey studied at the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics since the year. After the death of the father and the rest of the family moved to Odessa. In the year, S. Witte graduated from the University with the degree of candidate and had the opportunity to stay at the Department of Higher Mathematics to continue scientific studies, but his mother and uncle opposed Witte's intention to become a professor.

At the insistence of Uncle R. Fadeeva, Witte, remaining at the university, he was counted to the office of the head of the Novorossi-Bessarabian Governor General of Count P. soon left his service in the office and devoted himself to a more interesting and monetary railway case. Count A. Bobrinsky, Minister of Traffic Railways, who knew his father, offered Sergey to work as a specialist in the operation of railways and on May 1, he began his service in the Odessa Railway Management.

Within six months, Witte has trained in various positions of the operation of the operation. In the year, Witte moved to St. Petersburg, where he received the post of head of the operational department under the rule of the South-Western Railway Society, which, in addition to Odessa, included four more roads-Kharkov-Nicolaevskaya, Fastovskaya, Kiev-Brest and Brestsky-Graevskaya.

At the same time, Witte became one of the participants in the Baranovsk Commission created by Alexander II by decree of the railway case in Russia and participated in the development of the draft charter of Russian railways. In February, Witte was appointed head of the Operation Service in the Administration of the Society of Southwestern Railways and moved to a residence in Kyiv.

The chairman of the board of the society was I. Bliokh - the Warsaw banker, the author of the scientific works cited to this day on economic, political, as well as railway issues. The right hand of Bliokha was Professor I. Vyshnegradsky, the future Minister of Finance of Russia, who for 15 years was the direct chief of S. after the events in March, it was he who put forward the idea of ​​creating a conspiratorial organization to protect the sovereign and fight terrorists with their own methods.

The idea was supported by both the sovereign and in the light, a "sacred squad" was created. In the year, Witte took the post of managing the Society of South-Western Railways. During this period, he met Emperor Alexander III. According to Witte himself, he in front of the emperor came into conflict with railway officials, proving that it is impossible to use two powerful cargo steam locomotives in order to disperse the royal train to high speeds, Alexander III was convinced of the rightness of S.

Witte after the collapse of the royal train in the year. Working in the government, he achieved the right to appoint employees depending on their effectiveness, and not proximity to ruling circles. In his submission, he gained people from private companies; His department was considered exemplary. According to the testimony, he was democratic in relations with subordinates, appreciated independence in them.

In the year, a new customs tariff of Russia was adopted, developed with the active participation of S. Witte and D. This tariff played an important role in the foreign trade policy of Russia and became a protective barrier for the developed industry. Witte's undoubted merit is his cash reform of the year. As a result, Russia for a period of up to a year has received a stable currency provided by gold.This contributed to the strengthening of investment activity and an increase in the influx of foreign capital.

In the year, Witte received the rank of real secret adviser. Since the year, S. Witte - a member of the State Council, was appointed to the presence of years. From the year - a member of the Finance Committee, from the year - its chairman. In the year, Sergey Yulievich Witte entered into a trading contract with Germany. In the summer of the year S., for the successful conclusion of peace, he granted the count's dignity.

Since the fact that Japan, which claimed all Sakhalin, passed only half, was also his merit, Witte received the playful nickname "Count Polusakhalinsky." Sergey Yulievich Witte was dismissed of his own free will on April 22. From a year before the end of his life, he occupied the mansion of K. Schlings at the address: St. Petersburg, Kamennoostrovsky Prospekt, 5. In the year, Witte survived an attempt on life.

Sergey Yulievich Witte died on February 28 in Petrograd from meningitis. The funeral service took place on March 2; The service in the Holy Dukhov Church of the Alexander Nevsky Lavra was led by Bishop of Gdovsky Veniamin Kazansky in the service of the rector of Kazan Cathedral, Archpriest F. Ornatsky and others; The chairman of the Council of Ministers I. Goremykin and a number of ministers were present.

He was buried in the Lazarevsky cemetery of the Alexander Nevsky Lavra. Sergei Yulievich Witte achieved the introduction of the "golden standard" in Russia, contributed to the influx of capital from abroad to Russia, and encouraged investments in railway construction, including the Great Siberian Path. Witte's activity led to a sharp acceleration of industrial growth in the Russian Empire, for which he was called the "grandfather of Russian industrialization." Witte was the opponent of the beginning of the war with Japan and the main negotiator from Russia at the conclusion of the Portusmut world.

Witte was the actual author of the manifesto on October 17, which suggested the beginning of the transformation of Russia into a constitutional monarchy. Few people know that Sergey Yulievich Witte is the author of multi -volume memoirs.