Biography of Roman dads

Published on February 26, 10 min. Also, the first papa-Jesuit and the first papa monk since the time of Gregory XVI-was elected to his post on March 13, after the renunciation of the previous pope, Benedict XVI for health reasons. He was the youngest of five children in the family of Italian emigrant Mario Jose Bergolo. Jorge received a diploma of a chemist-technologist, but from a young age he burdened the church life.

He graduated from the seminary in Buenos Aires, after which on March 11, he joined the Order of the Jesuits of the male spiritual order of the Roman Catholic Church, one of many. As a newly -made novice of the Order, he continued to receive education at the church. He studied the humanities in Chile, then received a degree in philosophy at St. Joseph's College in Buenos Aires.

Anuario Colegio Don Bosco in the years of Jorge occupied various posts in the Jesuit Order and everywhere vividly showed leadership qualities, so that the impressed leadership of the order soon put him as the provincial head of the Catholic Order of the province of Argentina. After the defense of the doctoral dissertation on theology in Germany, Bergolo returned to his homeland as a confessor and spiritual director of the Cordor Archbishopric.

Soon, in the year he was appointed auxiliary bishop of Buenos Aires. Of the bishops-to the dads, Archbishop Buenos Aires, Cardinal Antonio Kvarrassino, by the time of the appointment of Jorge Bergolo, his assistant was already elderly. It soon became clear that for health reasons he would have to transfer the position. A few months later, Cardinal Kvarrasino died, and Bergolo became an archbishop - in fact, the main Argentine spiritual face.

As a cardinal, he received new duties and posts in the Roman Kuria - the main administrative body of the Vatican acting on behalf of the Pope. All this made him one of the first candidates for dad after the death of John Paul II. However, then the new dad, despite the very advanced age, was the German Bishop Joseph Aloiiz Ratzinger, who took the name Benedict XVI after the election.

Benedict was sitting on the Roman throne for a year, becoming a record holder among dads. However, age and state health made themselves felt more and more.

In the year, he announced his intention to leave the throne, becoming the third dad in history, which renounced the highest dignity voluntarily. In connection with such unique circumstances, the new conclave, gathered in March, opened ahead of schedule, without waiting for 15 days from the date of abdication or death of the previous pope, as bequeathed by the rules. How the pope elections are often the election of the pope occur for several days, and the cardinals-collapses vote several times until they come to a consensus.

If most votes could not choose the dad, black smoke rises from the pipe above the Sistinsky chapel of the Vatican. If the decision is made, the sheets with voices are burned with the addition of a special substance that gives white smoke, marked by the whole world about the new dad. About two dozen candidates were examined the post of head of the Roman Catholic Church, but this time the discussion and elections did not take much time.

The conclave gathered on March 12, and already on March 13, white smoke fell from the pipe, causing the stormy applause of the believers gathered on Saint Peter Square. He became the first dad of this name - and the first in many other respects. With his motto, he chose the Latin line “Miserando Atque Eligendo” from the Gospel of Matthew, which means “pardoned and therefore chose” or “merciful love”.

Mercy and tolerance for the neighbor in general has become an important part of his sermons. Having become, in fact, the first person of the Roman Catholic Church, he abandoned the traditional attributes of the luxury that his predecessors used, and remained true to himself in matters of modesty and non -possession. Instead of living in a luxurious Apostolic Palace, he chose a room in the Vatican Hotel Santa Marta.

And instead of “daddy” with bulletproof glass, he willingly walks in the crowd on foot, uses public transport and ordinary cars. Limiting himself and his cardinals in luxury, Francis devoted many sermons to the poor, sick and suffering. He condemned “wild capitalism” and urged the rich to actively sacrifice the disadvantaged, and world leaders - to more actively fight poverty and non -rights.

At the same time, it is supported by both conservatives and reformers of the church. In social issues, he showed himself as a liberal in matters related to sex - rather as an orthodox priest. He strictly reacted to sexual scandals with the participation of Catholic priests and initiated the proceedings of cases of violence against children. Under him in the year, the Roman Church conducted a reform that simplifies a re -entry into a marriage for diluted Catholics.

In his exhortation of the role and image of the family, the pontiff noted that it is necessary to allow us to feel divorced, living in the new union, that they are still part of the church and "no one can be sentenced forever." At the same time, he indicated that the human dignity of such people should not be humiliated, and they themselves should not be discriminated.At the same time, Pope Francis was not alien to new technologies.

Although he did not start a personal account in social networks because of the experiences of the cardinals about possible insults on the network, he has an official account on the social network X former Twitter, blocked in Russia. And in the year he announced the launch of a special website of prayers with the Pope Click and Pray "Click to Pray. Soon, mobile applications in different languages ​​appeared.

They could exchange prayers with other users, including the Pope himself. Francis did not take the prefix “First”, because until the second dad with that name has not appeared. However, its popularity in this position is more likely that the new Francis will still appear in the future - in his honor. The Pope Francis and Russia, according to the Vatican ambassador in Russia, Archbishop Ivan Yurkovich, while still the Argentinean bishop, Francis visited Orthodox worships more than once.

And he even defended the interests of the Orthodox Church in front of local authorities. In the year, Francis organized a meeting with the Patriarch of Moscow and All Rus' Kirill at the airport of the capital of Cuba - Havana. This is the first personal meeting of the heads of the Catholic and Russian Orthodox churches in history since the split from year. A meeting of this level was prepared for about 20 years even under the past leaders of the church, and as a result, they organized just ten days, when it became known about the intersection of the routes of the two clergymen.

Prior to this, Patriarch Kirill refused to meet in Europe because of a poor historical heritage, overshadowed by many conflicts between the Orthodox and Catholics. Latin America, which was a native of Francis, did not carry such a negative cargo, so Cuba became the perfect neutral territory for the conversation of the Patriarch and Pontiff. At the end of the meeting, the Patriarch gave the pope a list of the Kazan icon of the Mother of God and his book “Freedom and responsibility” in Spanish.

And Francis answered Cyril, presenting a particle of the relics of St. Cyril and the Communion Cup as a gift. The result of the meeting was a list of 30 points in which the parties agreed on cooperation in the protection of Christians around the world. Meetings took place in the Vatican in, and years. Vladimir Putin and Pope Francis exchanged commemorative gifts, a year after the start of a special military operation in the year, Pope was much more careful in his assessments than other Western figures.

He focused his rhetoric on the help of Ukrainian refugees and the need for reconciliation. In confirmation of his words on March 25, Pope Francis prayed for Russia and Ukraine to the immaculate heart of Mary on the repentant worship in the Basilica of St. Peter and asked the Virgin to ensure the “world around the world”. And behind everyone there are international interests. In Ukraine, others created a conflict, ”said Pontiff.

He called what was happening in the world “the Third World War” and called on the Christians of all countries to think. In August of the same year, the Vatican released an official explanation that the words of the Pope about the conflict in Ukraine should not be perceived as the political position of the Roman Church and the Vatican, but rather as "a voice in defense in defense of human life and the values ​​associated with it." However, Francis repeatedly offered the Vatican as an intermediary to resolve the conflict.

In the year, Francis made a question of Great Russia, after which he had to explain his words to the Western press. He emphasized that he continues to consider the country great because of its culture and offers to adopt this heritage. In response in Ukraine, he was declared a supporter of the Russian world and a “instrument of Russian propaganda”. In the year, he again provoked the anger of the anti -Russian public, calling the Russian and Ukrainian peoples to the brothers.

At the beginning of the year, against the backdrop of a reversal of the new American administration towards dialogue with Russia, Francis called for relieving sanctions with the Russian Federation. The Foreign Ministry appreciated the constructive approach of the Vatican and said that they were ready to talk with the Pope on the issue of Ukraine. Earlier, the official representative of the Foreign Ministry, Maria Zakharova, expressed special gratitude to the holy throne for the solution of humanitarian problems, in particular the assistance of the special support of Francis in Ukraine, Cardinal Matteo Dzuppy in the organization of the exchange of prisoners of war.

In mid -February, Francis was hospitalized with Bronchitis in mid -February, but after examinations, bilateral pneumonia was diagnosed in the initial string. Given the age of the pontiff 88 years, this was the reason for serious concern for his life. He was prescribed complete peace and began to give antibiotics and oxygen to compensate for respiratory failure.

The picture of the disease was complicated by the fact that, according to the results of tests, the pope also revealed renal failure and light anemia caused by a respiratory disease. The forecasts of doctors on February 22 were “careful”, Francis had to do blood transfusion. The Vatican admitted that Francis, following the example of the previous dad, could renounce the throne for health reasons.But he will make such a decision himself if it becomes difficult for him to fulfill his duties.

According to the cardinals of the church, dad would like to hold out for his post until the end of the year, since he is an anniversary for Christianity. But, despite all the assurances, in the Vatican they began to prepare for any development of events. And even rehearse the funeral of the pope in case the treatment of pneumonia does not give the desired results.

In addition to Spanish, the facts know German and Italian. He released five encyclists, the main papal documents on the most important socio-political and theological issues: “Light of faith”, “Praise to you”, “All brothers”, “The request for trust”, “He loved us” in the year refused to watch the TV, giving a vow to the Blessed Carmun Mother of God.