Read the biography of Mozart

His father, originally from Augsburg, came from a family of ordinary rustling artisans; In his childhood, he suffered a great need and then set himself the goal of achieving some well -being. In young years, he moved to Salzburg to study jurisprudence, but the lack of life for life forced him to enter the service of Count Tourn. Subsequently, when the circumstances changed somewhat, he began to engage in music teaching and soon became so famous as a very knowledgeable musician, an excellent violinist and organist, who received the place of the court organist and dropmaster.

Leopold Mozart reached his goal: although the salary was supposed to be tiny and a lot of work was required, Mozart’s father was not afraid of him and was provided - that’s all that he wanted. His wealth was in a bright mind, a firm will, hot faith, which he took advantage of the unusual skill to educate the great Mozart from his little Wolfgan. His wife, Anna-Maria Pertl, a native of Salzburg, was distinguished by extraordinary beauty, and in the days of youth, husband and wife were considered the most beautiful and happy couple in Salzburg.

Leopold's adamant, somewhat harsh temper was softened by his wife’s cheerfulness and good nature - with two precious spiritual properties that little Mozart completely inherited from his mother. The meek, loyal, she revered her in front of her husband, obeyed him in everything and put her whole soul into love for him and children. Both the husband and the wife were Catholics, distinguished themselves with great piety, observed all the posts, often went to church and handed their hot faith and love for the Creator to their children.

Their religiosity was deprived of all prejudices, hypocrisy and dark superstition: everything false, ignorant was disgusted by the bright mind and honest soul of Leopold. Of the seven children, only the daughter of Maria-Anna and the son of Wolfgang, the favorite and pride of the mother survived. As far as mother was prone to pampering, so the father was strict and demanding.

From an early age, he took up the upbringing of children, accustoming them to order and to steady submission to duty. At the same time, he played the role of the nanny, put Wolfgang to sleep, and he should certainly put him on a chair and sing with him a song that the boy immediately composed on fantastic words like: Oranga Fiaga Tafa. Then Wolfgang kissed his father into the tip of the nose and promised him that when he grows up, he would put his father under a glass cap to protect him from everything bad, and he would constantly keep him with him in a big honor ...

This ceremony was repeated every evening, and only after it the boy calmly fell asleep. So, under the supervision of a faint genius, a future genius grew a warmly loving and idolized father, and the light of his happy childhood was reflected in his pure artistic soul. Until three years, Wolfgang was no different from ordinary children: it was a living and cheerful child, with an extremely delicate and impressionable soul: he constantly asked if they loved him, and began to cry, even if he was a joke, he received a negative answer; He also cried if he was praised too much.

He loved to accompany all his games with music, and so far his musicality was only expressed in this. His sister Nunnerl, as they called her in the family, discovered great musical abilities, and when she passed 7 years, her father began to teach her the game on the harpsichord. The first lesson, which was attended by a three -year -old Mozart, made such a strong impression on him that he completely reborn him.

The words of our great native poet are involuntarily recalled: but only the divine verb the poet’s soul will be started - like an awakened eagle. For Mozart, this lesson was a divine verb who spoke of his appointment and pointed him to his path on earth. Since then, Mozart forgot all his previous games and was completely immersed in his children's, but brilliant soul into music.

He stood at the harpsichord for a whole clock, looking for different consonations, and clapped his hands with joy when he found a third or quint. Father tried to show him little Menuet, and since Wolfgang repeated him unmistakably, his father decided to start music classes with him. From the first lesson, Leopold Mozart, an experienced teacher, had no more doubt that his tiny son hides a great genius and that he will have a difficult task to develop him.

Being a deeply religious person, he looked at the unusual talent of the child as a miracle that was sent from above and began his upbringing with love and reverence as a holy cause. Father was afraid to introduce Wolfgang too early to the rules of essay, but this did not prevent the little composer from writing his first concert when he was only 4 years old.

Once his father found him behind a whole pile of musical paper, on which blots rained down on rain. These blots the boy calmly wiped his hand and wrote notes over them. To the father’s question: “What are you writing?Of course, with distrust and laugh, but when he looked into the paper and figured out this mass and figured out this mass, the tears of tenderness and delight appeared in his eyes: in front of him was an unpensitive concert!

The house of Leopold Mozart was visited by local musicians who brought him their works and often performed them together. So, once one of them brought six new trio. They sat down to play. But the musicians did not have time to stay, as a little Mozart appeared with his own tiny violin received by him as a gift, and offered his services. These services were rejected, as Mozart never studied on the violin.

The insulted musician burst into combat tears. To console him, he was allowed to sit near Shakhtner, his big friend, and play with him a second violin, "but so quietly that it was not heard." Mozart sat down. Shakhtner, as he himself says, soon noticing that he was superfluous, stopped playing, and the boy played all six trio from the sheet. The same Shakhtner says that he had a violin, which Mozart loved very much for her soft, delicate tone.

Shakhtner often played at the Mozarts. Once he came to them and found Wolfgang, busy with his violin who had just received. Minnner laughed, but his father, knowing the unusual hearing of his son, sent for the violin, and by check it turned out that the boy was right. Until almost ten years, Mozart felt an irresistible aversion to the sound of a pipe.

Even the very view of her caused such fear in him, as if he had been shown a muzzle of a charged pistol. Wanting to wean his son from such a nervous fear, Leopold Mozart asked his friend, the chimney trumpeter, and lay out with all his strength in the presence of the boy. But at the first sounds, the child was mortally pale, began to sink to the floor and, probably, would have lost his feelings if Shakhtner had not stopped this test.

Since then, the father did not try to teach his son to the sounds of the pipe anymore, and over time his aversion to this instrument passed by itself. Little Mozart’s learning went very successfully: Mozart indoined all his occupation for which he was accepted. He especially liked mathematics; He dangled the walls, benches, the floor and could solve very complex mathematical problems in his mind.

During his musical exercises, no one dared to approach him with a joke or even just talk to him. When he sat at the piano, his face was made so serious and concentrated that, looking at this prematurely developing talent, many were afraid for his durability. At the age of six, he was such a finished artist that his father decided to take a trip to show the art of his talented children abroad.

They went the whole family, and at first tried their luck in Munich, and then, encouraged by extraordinary success, went to Vienna in the year. On the way, they had to stop at Nassau, where the local bishop wished to hear them, who in five days spent there, along with the game, awarded them with one ducatus 3 rubles. Passing by one monastery, they went into it to pray.

Mozart, meanwhile, made his way to the organ and played. The monks, who were sitting with the guests at the meal, having heard wonderful sounds, threw food and guests and, in dumb delight, crowded around a little virtuoso. On the border, a brilliant child fascinated customs officials with his game and his childhood charm that they were missed without examination. In Vienna, they were met as.

We can say that Vienna laid the foundation for their triumphal procession in Europe. Immediately upon arrival, they received an invitation to the court on a simple, not a reception day, so that you could better get acquainted with the children. Emperor Joseph was a great music lover and reacted to the child with living interest. He subjected the talent and art of the boy to a comprehensive test, forced to play difficult passages with one finger, ordered to close the keys with a napkin, but Mozart and on top of the napkin played as without it without it, so in the end the emperor called him a “little sorcerer”.

But in this small sorcerer, the arrogance of the great artist was hidden; He did not like to play in front of people who do not understand music; If with requests or deceit it was possible to persuade him, then he played only empty, minor things. And at the court, he remained faithful to himself: he did not agree to play anything serious, until they finally called Wagenzeil, one of the best composers and musicians of that time.

Mozart treated the august ladies very kindly: he climbed to the empress and showered her with kisses; Princess Maria Antoinette, then his peer, he promised his hand and heart in gratitude for raising him when he fell on a smooth floor. The yard reacted to small artists extremely affectionately; All the rich, noble inhabitants of Vienna followed his example, and money fell on the Mozarts along with invitations.Leopold Mozart was satisfied not only with the material and musical success of his children, but in general, the technique and honor with which they were encountered everywhere, and most importantly, by the fact that his family rotated in such an exquisite, high society.

Scarlatin, who got sick with both children, put an end to the honor of small artists. By recovery, their entire Mozart family set off on a further path. Staying on the way in all more or less significant cities and exciting everywhere delight and surprise, they finally arrived in Paris in the year, equipped with numerous recommendation letters. Paris was a continuation of their triumphs in Vienna.

Here, their compatriot Baron Grimm, who had long moved to France and the secretary of the Duke of Orleans at that time, took a particularly warm part in them, as a result of which he had constant free access to the court. He managed to interest the royal family with children, and they were invited to Versailles. Ms. Pompadur also wished to see them. She looked at the little artist with great curiosity and even put him on the table for this, but kept herself so stiffly that she dodged his childhood kiss.

In the royal family, he met more warmth; Especially affectionately, the king’s daughters treated him. In Paris, as in Vienna, Mozart spoke many times publicly as a pianist, violinist and organist, and with his game on all three instruments excited universal delight and amazement. Grimm writes about him that one day he had to accompany one singer, not knowing the arias and not having notes: listening to the melody, he guessed the subsequent chords.

Then Aria was repeated several times, and each time the boy changed the accompaniment. At that time, Paris did not differ in musicality, did not even like music, but the Parisians rushed with wonderful children as with a fashionable and curious novelty, showered them with gifts and laudatory poems. From Paris, the whole family went to London. King English Georg III and his wife Sofia Charlotte, great lovers and connoisseurs of music, provided little artists with such a technique that surpassed all kinds of expectations.

The king himself fell in love with Mozart that, meeting him on the street, leaned out of the crew and sent air kisses to his pet. Calling the Mozart family often in the palace, the king forced the boy to show himself from all sides: he had to play from the sheet, play on the organ, improvise, and received the nickname "invincible Wolfgang." In London, Mozart met one singer of the Italian opera, Mancuooli, who, out of sympathy for a gifted child, taught him to sing, and Mozart sang the most difficult arias with an art that a other singer could envy with his thin children's voice.

He was very loved by the son of Sebastian Bach - Christians living in London. Often he planted him on his knees and interspersed with a small virtuoso performed all kinds of plays: he played several beats, then Mozart continued, and so skillfully that one might think that the same person was playing. In London, the Mozarts gave many brilliant success and collection of concerts, but their musical triumphs were interrupted by the dangerous illness of his father: he was prescribed rest, and the music had to be postponed for a while.

Then the little composer, taking advantage of freedom, began to write his first symphonies for the orchestra. According to the recovery of their father, they stayed for some more time in England, then visited the Netherlands, where they were less lucky: at first Nunnerl, and Wolfgang was dangerously fell ill for her, and the parents did not tea already to see them healthy.

Fortunately, the children recovered, but Mozart had to lie in bed for a long time. However, the indefatigable composer could not remain in inaction for a long time; He demanded that he put a board on his knees, and the sick, weak, trembling hands continued to write his symphonies. Having given several concerts in Holland, the Mozarts drove again in Paris, from where they returned to Salzburg, having stayed in the absence of about three years.

During this time, Mozart made huge successes and, as his father says, at the age of eight knew more than another forty. The boy was already yearning for his homeland, often cried on the road, wanting to see his abandoned friends.