Ivan Fedorovich Paskevich Biography

Paskevich was born on May 8 19 in Poltava. His father, Fedor Grigoryevich Paskevich, was a wealthy landowner, and his mother, Anna Osipovna Karabanovskaya, was the daughter of a Belarusian nobleman. She owned Schelitsa's village near Mogilev on the Dnieper. In the parental house, the son received a good education at that time. His home teacher was I. Martynov - later an excellent translator of works of Greek writers into Russian.

From an early age, Ivan was very interested in both his military genealogy and military history in general. He was later defined in the Page Corps. Since Ivan achieved excellent success in his studies and was distinguished by exemplary behavior, soon the bosses paid attention to his pupil. All this contributed to Paskevich in successful advancement on the military line: on January 30, he was granted the title of chamber-page, on August 1-Libe-Pazh, on October 5, at the age of 18, he was released by a lieutenant in the Life Guards Preobrazhensky regiment with the simultaneous appointment of an outbuilder of the admirer Paul I.

The real military activity of I. Paskevich began in the year when he was appointed to serve under the leadership of the old, but skilled Catherine General I. at the beginning of the war with Turkey, the adjutant Paskevich, in the rank of headquarters captain, was under special assignments. He was also involved in battles on the Danube, that is, in the European part of Russia. In the year, Ivan Fedorovich participated in the lesson of Yass on November 12 and Bucharest on December 13, and in June - in the battles near Izmail.

For this, he was awarded the Order of St. Vladimir of the 4th degree with a bow and a golden sword with the inscription "For courage". In the year I. Mikhelson was gone. In February, Paskevich was awarded the rank of captain, and he began to serve under A. Prozorovsky, who three times sent him with secret assignments to Constantinople in order to encourage the Turks to war with the British.

In June, Ivan Fedorovich was promoted to colonels. This year has become very saturated in his military life, and therefore it is worth saying more about this. Paskevich, commanding the Vitebsk regiment, repelled the enemy’s sortie and defended the Russian position, for which he received the Order of St. Anna of the 2nd degree. Thus, Ivan Fedorovich at the end and the beginning of the years had all the orders, which can be dreamed of in the rank of colonel.

He was far ahead of the service of his peers. For the battle of Batyn in November, Paskevich was promoted to Major General. In January, he was entrusted with the formation of the Oryol Infantry Regiment in Kyiv, whose chief he was. In June, Ivan Fedorovich was appointed to command the 1st Brigade of the Infantry Division. When the command of the 7th Infantry Corps was transferred to its commander, Lieutenant General N.

Raevsky, then Major General I. General I. received this on May 10 of the year. His division consisted of Orlovsky, Poltava, Ladoga, Nizhny Novgorod, 5th and GO Ho Geger regiments. The entire Patriotic War of the year with some interruptions, Paskevich commanded the Infantry Division, which was part of the 2nd Western Army P., on the advice of Ivan Fedorovich, the French fight was not given near Smolensk, as planned by the Russian command, but in the city itself.

Here he defended the royal bastion with the yu battalions and my guns. During the battle of Borodino, I was set to defend the Battery of Raevsky, located in the center of Russian positions. In this battle, one horse of Ivan Fedorovich was killed, and the other was injured. For the battle of Borodino, Paskevich was awarded the Order of St. Anna of the 1st degree. He was at the forefront of M.

Miloradovich, when the Russian troops left Moscow, retreating separate divisions. Under Red, Paskevich personally led the Orlovsky, Ladoga and Poltava regiments to the bayonet attack, achieved brilliant success, for which he was awarded the Order of St. Vladimir of the 2nd degree. After the Berezinsky battle, Emperor Alexander I arrived in Vilna. Here he is December 12, on his birthday, he organized a reception.

At this reception, M. Kutuzov presented to Alexander I Paskevich as his best general, to whom the sovereign entitled the siege of Modlin here. Paskevich was then 30 years old. Soon N. Raevsky fell ill-commander of the 7th Infantry Corps. Instead, Ivan Fedorovich received the command temporarily by him. There were 8 infantry regiments and 48 guns in this building.

For the skilled leadership of the Paskevich corps, he was awarded diamond signs for the Order of St. Anna. The battle near Leipzig brought Paskevich, the commander of the Infantry Division, the military rank of Lieutenant General on the Om year of his life, and the capture of Paris, where he commanded the 2nd grenadier division, was the Alexander Nevsky Order of the Order.

After Leipzig, he is entrusted with the blockade of Magdeburg, and then Hamburg. From here Paskevich was withdrawn to France to accept the command of the 2nd grenadier division. For the skilled leadership of this division, he was awarded the Order of St. Alexander Nevsky.After a foreign campaign in Vilina, Lieutenant General Paskevich was appointed commander of the Grenadier Corps, who was holding an apartment in Smolensk.

Here he met the landowner of the Smolensk province by the state adviser Alexei Fedorovich Griboedov. In the year, Ivan Fedorovich married his daughter from his first marriage to Elizabeth Alekseevna, she was a second cousin A. This marriage was successful. For a painstaking and conscientious service, they continue to pour in Paskevich. So, in the year he was awarded diamond signs to the Order of St.

Alexander Nevsky, in the year he was appointed commander of the 1st Guards Infantry Division. He accompanied Grand Duke Mikhail Pavlovich on his trip to Europe. A year before the death of Alexander I Paskevich, he was appointed Adjutant General and commander of the 1st Infantry Corps, located in the Ostsee provinces. Here, in the city of Metava, he learned about the uprising of the Decembrists and was called to Moscow, where, by order of the new empire, Nicholas I, he became a member of the Supreme Court, designed to judge the rebels.

As Adjutant General Ivan Fedorovich accompanied Nicholas I to the coronation in August. A few days before the coronation, Baron I. Dibich, the Adjutant General of the Emperor, told Paskevich that Nicholas I was sending him to the Caucasus at the beginning of General A. Ermolov, since the Russian-Persian war began. But Paskevich did not want to go there, as he was not in the wretches with Ermolov.

He said about this to both Dibich and the emperor. Nicholas I replied that he knew about this, and added: “About 40 generals are about me, and show me at least one that I can entrust this assignment, whom I could completely rely on.” In the same year, I. Paskevich was promoted to generals from infantry and appointed commander of the Caucasian Corps, acting under the general command of General A.

In this position, Ivan Fedorovich proved himself to be a courageous and skilled commander, having won a number of significant victories over the Persians. In September, the troops under the command of Paskevich took the city of Elisavetpol now Ganja. He defended his Persian army with a number of 35 thousand. The Russian army included 7 thousand. Despite this balance of power, Russians, thanks to the skilled leadership of Paskevich, won a convincing victory over the Persians, occupying Elisavetpol.

At the same time, they captured 2 enemy camps, 4 banners, one gun and one fawal, 80 charging and cartridge boxes, prisoners, killed and wounded to the Persians. In this battle, the Russians lost three officers and 43 ordinary officers, the lower ranks and 9 officers were injured. For the skillful leadership of the troops, when taking the city, the emperor awarded Paskevich with gold weapons - a sword decorated with diamonds, with the inscription "For the defeat of the Persian under Elisavetpol." After this triumph, the emperor began to trust Paskevich even more.

Paskevich, in the rank of infantry general, replaced Alexei Petrovich Ermolov as commander in chief of the troops in the Caucasus and the civilian part and border affairs in the Astrakhan and Caucasian provinces and in Georgia. Russian troops in the Caucasus already with the new commander continued to win convincing victories over the Persians. So, on October 1, Erivan was taken by storming, which neither Tsitsians nor Gudovich could make before Paskevich.

The Persian garrison led by Gassankhan defended this city. Russian troops won a brilliant victory, capturing Erivan and capturing Gassan Khan himself. The following trophies were taken: 4 banners, 38 guns, 2 howitzers, 9 mortars, 50 ficolnets, powder pounds and quarters of a different bread sufficient to eat troops for 5 months. For the conquest of Erivani Paskevich, the Order of St.

George of the 2nd degree was awarded. According to Khachatur, Abovyan: “The destruction of hell would not have for sinners the price as the capture of the Erivan fortress for the Armenians ...” Following Erivan, Nakhichevan, Tabriz and other fortresses fell. After that, the Iranian government requested peace. With the end of the Russo-Turkish war, Paskevich was awarded the Order of St.

George I degree.

Thus, General Field Marshal, Count Ivan Fedorovich Paskevich became the fourth full holder of the Order of St. George in the history of Russia before him M. Kutuzov, M. Barclay de Tolly, I. In the village of Turkmanchai on the night of February 9- 10, at 12 a.m. Paskevich, together with Prapovkov, signed a treatise consisting of 16 articles. According to it, Persia was inferior to Russia by the Erivan and Nakhichevan Khanate, it was supposed to pay a indemnity of 20 million.

In addition, both warring parties pledged to release the prisoners within 4 months. As a result of the victory of the Russian troops under the leadership of Paskevich and the conclusion of the Turkmanchai agreement, 7 thousand.