Nikolai Spiritual biography

Three times the Hero of Socialist Labor was born on October 13 26, having received a referral to the Kirovsky plant Leningrad, the path from an ordinary engineer to the deputy chief designer of the plant went at this legendary enterprise. They proposed a new on -board program for the T tank, and projects of fundamentally new heavy tanks of the KV series Clement Voroshilov have been developed.

At the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, the plant was evacuated to the Urals in the city of Chelyabinsk, where it merged into a single team with a Chelyabinsk Tractor Plant in the so -called “Tankograd”. The spirits became his chief designer. By a decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of September 16, for exceptional merits to the state in the organization of the production of aircraft, tanks, engines, weapons and ammunition, as well as for the creation and development of new samples of military equipment and their provision of the Red Army and Navy during the Great Patriotic War, the Dukhov Hero of Socialist Labor was awarded with the presentation of the Order of Lenin and Golden medal "Sickle and Hammer".

In the year, the spirits are involved in the work of creating a Soviet atomic bomb. He led the development of structures of both the first domestic plutonium charge and the atomic bomb. He was an active participant in the tests of the first domestic nuclear bomb "RDS-1" at the Semipalatinsk training ground in the Kazakhstan steppe on August 29. By a decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of October 29, for exceptional merits to the state, when performing a special task of spirits, Nikolai Leonidovich was awarded the second gold medal “Sickle and Hammer”.

His role in creating the very first samples of Soviet nuclear weapons was significant. He and his employees did everything possible to bring the day of the liquidation of the American monopoly on atomic weapons closer. Since July-Deputy Scientific Director of the Design Bureau for ten years under his leadership has developed three generations of automation blocks, the first generation of nuclear ammunition for seventeen different media-the R-7 ballistic missile, the T-5 torpedoes, the first winged missiles for the Air Force, Navy, and the air defense, and for these nuclear ammunition, a whole gamut of electromechanical was developed devices.

To control nuclear ammunition and automation units, the first three generations of control and measuring equipment were created: oscillographic, small-sized non-scrotal and automated with digital registration.

In this regard, the spirits are rightfully considered one of the founders of the Soviet design school in nuclear ammunition. Died on May 1 of the year after a short serious illness. He was buried in the Novodevichy cemetery in Moscow.