Biography of the city of Tashkent

Excursion with a guide in the capital of Uzbekistan. Old and modern monuments of the hospitable Tashkent. The HAST-Imam complex, Bazaar Chorsu, Museum of Applied Arts, etc. The first information about Tashkent, as about the city settlement, appeared in the II century BC in eastern sources. In Chinese chronicles, it was called Uni; In the records of the Persian king Shampoo I, the Tashkent oasis was called as a chach.

However, in some Chinese sources, this area is mentioned as Shi, and in the Arabs - a shash. And in Russia of the 15th century, he was known as Tashkura.

Already in ancient times, a profitable geographical position and soft climate made Tashkent one of the main points throughout the great silk path. As evidence of this assumption by the archaeologists of Uzbekistan, the remains of the Schash-Tepe settlement, which was located in the south of the current Tashkent, were found, and was supplied with the waters of the Yun River.

The ruins of the defensive walls were found here, and around them the remains of raw brick buildings were found. The external defensive wall of the citadel included the underground corridor, and was designed with tower ledges, which were built in accordance with the fortification technologies of its time. The main square of the old city - Chorsu - appeared in the 9th century.

Trade roads led to Chors from all city gates, and gradually turned into trade streets. This area was a transport hub and the main retail area of ​​Tashkent. The Kukeldash madrasah located here was built in the 16th century. At the present time, the Chorsu area was reconstructed. Now there are GUM, the Central City Pharmacy, the Chersu hotel and other modern buildings.

Mahallic quarters located around the square and trade rows, as in the old days, have the names for people who are inhabiting them, masters of various crafts. For example, Makhalla Pardarkush in Shaikhantaur was previously called “Mahalla Buzchi”, which means “the area of ​​the weavers” now this microdistrict has other mahalll: in the north - an arch -kuch, in the south - Dukchi, Zanjyrlik, in the west - Pushtibag, in the east - Kukukubashi.

Mahall Derosis, or otherwise tar, can be translated as a “castle quarter”. There were 20 cast -iron workshops. Nearby, Mahalla Akhunguzar was on Sebzar, which means the “Kuznetsov quarter”, and there were a lot of forges in this place. And Mahalla of the Toply complaints got its name, because there were a lot of cattle traders here. Since Tashkent was the city of wealthy merchants and artisans, most of the major architectural buildings were represented by caravans, mosques and mausoleums.

The oldest buildings that have survived to this day are Mausoleums erected along the trade routes in honor of the righteous sheikhs. These monuments of the history of Tashkent were not only a place of worship, the supply of alms and trade, but also a beautiful landscape, brightening up a long way on desert roads. In Tashkent itself and along the roads leading to it, about 10 such mausoleums have been preserved.