Biography of Academician Chertok

Gagarin's flight was prepared by hundreds of people. But the name of Academician Boris Evseevich Chertok stands apart. One of the creators of Soviet missile and space technology, he worked with S. Korolev for 20 years, for many years was his deputy. Being already at the age of honor, he did not leave his whole life and was the main scientific consultant of NGO “Energy”.

We were not mistaken in choosing whom to send the first to space. He withstood the test of the glory that fell on him. After all, he had to ride around the world, and this load was at the limit. Gagarin worked literally for wear for the sake of his homeland, ”Boris Evseevich recalled in his interview with arguments and facts. We were lucky, Chertok repeatedly came to the city of Gagarin and took part in the work of socially scientific readings dedicated to the memory of the pioneer of the cosmos conducted by the Yu.

Museum-reserve, in many ways, thanks to his reports, reading stood at a qualitatively new level and acquired the status of scientific. In the year, Gagarin readings were dedicated to the summer of the birth of Yu. Boris Evseevich accepted an invitation to participate in the readings and performed at a plenary meeting with the introductory word: “... automatic devices were already operating in the space space.

Now it was enriched by the appearance of a person in him. Gagarin’s smile, as it were, immediately lit the world from space. The concepts of cosmos and Gagarin in the memory of mankind are inseparable. ” And I don’t remember that Boris Evseevich at least once mistaken in his calculations - he was the deepest analyst and a brilliant engineer, ”the first person who went into outer space, Alexei Arkhipovich Leonov Boris Chertok, was born on March 1 of the year in the city of Lodz, Poland.

It was brought up in a family of employees. The father was an accountant, the mother worked as a fieket of a midwife. In the year, Poland turned out to be a zone of military operations. Parents with the flow of Russian -speaking refugees went to the internal regions of Russia and settled in Moscow. In the year, the guy graduated from school and immediately joined the electrician at the Krasnopresnensky silicate plant.

At the end of the year he switched to the Gorbunov Plant, which at that time was the largest aviation enterprise in the country. Here, Boris Evseevich went from an electrician for industrial equipment to the head of the design team for aircraft equipment and weapons. Four years later, the devil developed an automatic electronic bomb shutter, which was tested at the Research Institute of Military forces.

In the year, as an inventor, Boris Evseevich was nominated to an engineering position in an experienced design bureau, created under the guidance of designer Viktor Bolkhovitinov. In the year, the scientist was appointed leading engineer for electrical equipment of polar expeditions. He participated in the preparation of the aircraft expedition of the Vodopyanov group to the North Pole and the Levanevsky aircraft for the transponding flight of Moscow - the USA.

He studied at the Moscow Energy Institute, which he graduated with honors. During the Great Patriotic War, it develops automation to control of aircraft weapons, a control system and ignition of liquid missile engines. In April, Boris Evseevich was sent to Germany as part of a special commission. In the rank of major on May 2, he signed in the Reichstag, which he considered the happiest moment in his life.

In Germany until January, he managed the work of a group of Soviet experts in the study of missile technology. Together with Alexei Isaev, he organized in the Soviet zone the Soviet -German missile institute "Slave", which was engaged in the study and development of the technique of control of long -range ballistic missiles. A new Nordhausen Institute was created on the basis of the institute, where Sergei Pavlovich Korolev, with whom Boris Evseevich has been working in close cooperation, was the main engineer.

All the scientific and engineering activities of the Chertok since this time are associated with the development and creation of systems for managing missiles and space devices. He has created a school that until now determines the scientific directions and the level of domestic technology of manned space flights. In the year, Boris Evseevich was awarded the degree of Doctor of Technical Sciences.

Since the year, he became the deputy chief designer, the head of the complex of the Central Design Bureau of Experimental Engineering. Later, the devil becomes the deputy general designer of the scientific and production association "Energia" for management systems. He remained in this position for up to a year, and then until the end of his days he was the main scientific consultant of the general designer of the Rocket Energy space complex named after Sergey Korolev.

The secret employee of the classified industry came out of the shadows when he was already in 80 years. The scientist wrote the book “Rockets and People”: a four -volume encyclopedia about all the secrets of Soviet cosmonautics, about how and by whom it was created.The American space agency NASA reprinted the four -volume in English, and now “missiles and people” is a table book of specialists of American experts.

The Chertok in his free time re -read Russian and foreign classics: Tolstoy, Pushkin, Lermontov, Mayakovsky, Ilf and Petrov, Hemingway. He loved good science fiction, books about the origin and structure of the universe, memoirs and biographies of outstanding scientists. The great scientist Boris Evseevich Chertok died on December 14 from pneumonia. The designer was buried at the Novodevichy cemetery in Moscow.

Maria Belova, Head of the press service of the Museum-Reserve Yu. If your comment does not appear immediately, do not be discouraged, he will appear later.