Pump up a biography

The famous artist, ethnographer and “president of the New Earth”, as he was called at one time, Ilya Konstantinovich Tyko was taken out on February 27 would be years old. On this day, events dedicated to his memory were held in the Nenets district. A lot has been written about poking. About him as an original artist and researcher of the Arctic Islands, Vladimir Rusanov and Alexander Borisov, Stepan Pisakhov and Yuri Kazakov wrote with respectful enthusiasm.

There are many official documents characterizing the poking as a serious, demanding and attentive head of the island council, it is not by chance that the honorary title of “President of the New Earth” was firmly established in the Soviet chronicles. But very few stories and memoirs have reached us that characterize him not as a great Samoyed, but as just a man from the archipelago of the New Earth, Nenza, whose fate was not subject to him, whose destiny in his old age became loneliness and unlimited longing for the homeland lost forever.

The coast of the Northern Dvina, year. Here, in Arkhangelsk, Ilya Konstantinovich completed the life path. Dvinsky waves beat against the shore, which without concrete frame resembles the coast of his homeland. In the memory of Pumpa pushing, the picture of the artist Borisov “Country of Death” that once struck his imagination pops up. On it, the painter depicted the gloomy shores of the new earth: eternal ice and gray stone.

I could not call any other associations of the Russian artist the rocky coast of Eskay. Tyko then realized that all this is happening because Alexander is a stranger to a new land, he did not see his beautiful homeland in a different light. Only a person in love with this earth is able to see the true beauty of a cold polar night, looking at the northern lights, which applies to the Black Palette of Heaven the Great Num, the divine sign of universal love, and not the harbinger of future death.

Tyko sighed heavily, looking at the black water of the Northern Dvina, and the new earth, wounded by nuclear explosions, presented before his eyes the “country of death” now, and Borisov’s picture seemed a terrible mystical foreshadow of the future. How quickly everything changed, how quickly life has passed, how difficult it is to recognize in it, a hunched and sad old man, a cheerful, cheerful young man, who was called a bow for mischievous and curiosity, that is, Oleski.

The craving for the unknown was a year. Tyco rushing has recently turned 15 years old. He is cheerful and full of hopes. Parents love him, he is proud of his father - a famous Hannets Hars, famous on the island. Even the father’s name is translated as “good hunter”, so people don’t have to tell, from what kind of tribe they and the older brother come from. Already in childhood, his father taught his sons to go to sea, he perfectly focused on the water and on land, otherwise you can’t survive on the island.

Tyko shot perfectly, knew how to distinguish between tundra animals. According to his adopted daughter, Olga Andreevna Ledkova, his father from an early age managed to determine even the weight and size of the fur beast, this skill was given to him by his father, Khanets of the Establack. From the father, the sons were transmitted to the natural craving for everything new, unknown.

Tyko did not yet know what he liked more in this life. He was already a good fisherman and a hunter, an excellent ranger that emanated new land along and across, he was a good skipper that could withdraw a fishing schooner from the storm zone. Some did it better, others are worse, but without these skills to Eskay, I would not have survived the name of the new land so much.

That's for sure! But the pile of pushing was increasingly drawn to unknown Dalyam. Big sea ships at the beginning of the century were often guests on the Arctic Islands of the Arctic Ocean. Sea powers: England, Norway, Sweden and Russia, rivaling each other in “endurance and frost resistance”, alternately threw an expedition here in order to prove to the world that only they have the right to be called the discoverers.

Detail understood that somewhere there was another life, other people, and he really wanted to see the unprecedented, to know the unknown. The birth of an artist has come a year. A new person appears in the camp of Khanets Pilkov - artist Alexander Borisov. He had already visited Vaigach, made many sketches. But the Arctic Ocean was in no hurry to release the yacht "Dream" on which he traveled.

The yacht was lost in the ice, and if it weren’t for the bold Nenets hunters, Borisov and the “Dreamers” team would have drowned during the autumn ice drift. The unfriendly and dangerous New Earth seemed to the famous Russian artist simply terrible. That's why he had associations with the “country of death”, and therefore Borisov’s picturesque canvases look so gloomy, telling about the archipelago.

On his journey on the New Earth, Borisov took a young pound. They passed almost kilometers and they drove on dogs, stopping in the most mysterious and beautiful places of the island. The artist made sketches, watched a bow and studied. He did not have brushes and pencils, he drew a stick on the sand or coal on the stone.He portrayed the same landscapes as Borisov, he only saw them differently.

There was no heavy doom in his schematic drawings. Where the metropolitan artist exclaimed: “What a horror! And the artist decided to train the polling of painting. Study lasted all winter and spring. In early summer, with his Novo -Earth sketches and sketches, the artist left the island, confident that in large cities he would definitely talk about a talented Samoyed young man with a strange name Tyko.

In the year, Stepan Pisakhov comes to the New Earth. The writer, the author of famous past and fairy tales, is very versatile and original, famous in the capital's circles as a talented artist, he was exiled to a new land for a “disrespectful attitude to power”. Pisakhov was the first to give poking the ending of paint and pencils - truly a royal gift.

He explains to the young man that his paintings are what you can live, what you can exchange or buy things and food. For pumps, this was another discovery. And when in the year Pisakhov left his “strange link”, the novice artist made the first deal, replacing the compass and thermometer from two English travelers. His surprise had no end, and close relatives only laughed at the “stupidity of the Aglitsky guests”, believing that this was not a male thing - to draw pictures and to exchange them for things.

But, thanks to the resulting compass, Tyko made an amazing campaign around the new land. He alone went on his own and painted the coast map, opening two new islands and four sea lips. The independent skills of a cartographer were very useful for picked up a year. Then he only turned 23 years old, he was full of strength, ready for new achievements. This year, Vladimir Rusanov comes to the New Earth.

The man about whom Pump's diver will later say: "We had two heads, but one heart." Together they examined the archipelago, studied all the islands of the northern and southern coast, made an accurate cartographic description - as a result, even today, in the 21st century, the map of the new land, compiled by Rusanov and the rush, is the most correct and accurate.

It is no coincidence that for the work done, the Gold Medal “For Zeal” was awarded. The royal gift of the year, the Arkhangelsk governor Ivan Sosnovsky acquired several picturesque work from the pushing and gave them to Emperor Nicholas the Second. They really liked the paintings, and three months later he sent a reciprocal gift: several charging hard drives, a thousand rounds of ammunition and even rubles in addition.

The family did not see anything like this before. Where this wealth has gone, today it is unlikely that anyone can say. After the October Revolution, no one saw “nominal Winchesters”. But the tsar’s money kept the tank for a long time. According to Olga Andreevna Ledkova, back in the twenties of the last century, girls from their family played with this “useless” money with the image of royal persons.

The mother of nine children of the Silkov family - Paraskovya Ivanovna - lamented a large father in the year of the nine children, lamented that the bow of the tank did not spend money on food at her time and did not make stocks for the future. Grandfather Hanets at that time was no longer alive, and a very young bow was on the shoulders of the old mother, wife and six children of the deceased brother Andrei.

The eldest daughter of brother Anna at that time was 14 years old, and only 24 years old to the young “father”. After the death of Andrei, according to Nenets laws, the younger brother must take care of his family on his shoulders. According to Olga Andreevna Ledkova, she always considered a pale to her father, maybe because she did not know her own father - Andrei Konstantinovich.

When he died, her mother, Paraskovya Ivanovna, was in the sixth month of pregnancy. She found out that Pumpy that Peno was not entirely native, she found out at the age of seven. He says she quarreled with older children and threatened to complain to her father. And my sister Irina, who was then 13 years old, said that there was no one to complain, her father has been lying in the far cemetery for seven years, but this one is not dear to them.

He always seemed so tall and beautiful to me, especially when he put on his Moscow clothes on holidays: a coat with shiny buckles and a funny hat. We only saw such people on the Russians when they came here on the Emperor’s steamer. The result ... And here is the year, the shore of the Northern Dvina. The last year of his life is picked. Pumpa sits very close to the water to see only water and not see the shore, it is easier to imagine his homeland, forget about the city, which he never managed to love.

He lived here, in Arkhangelsk, for almost 10 years, but he was not used to him. He was constantly pulling home. True, where is this house now? There is no native camp, for him there is no and there will never be colorful bird bazaars, traces of a wild beast on the snowy expanses of the Novozemelskaya tundra have no homeland, the new land is lost for him and his loved ones forever.

He again recalls himself young and, as it seems to him, stupid. Why, then, at the age of 20, was so attracted by large cities, with their noisy streets and elegant people?I recalled how, together with the friend of Rusanov, they rode a tram around Moscow, Pumpa could not roll and understand how this colossus could ride on its own, on some kind of electricity. Vladimir explained to him, he was generally a patient man, but Pumpo did not believe.

Similarly, then the end of the end was not believed on the island when he talked about these trams. As the Nenets laughed when he tried to explain the power of electricity to them, because for them, fire and light existed in only one version - the light of the sun and light fire, and, as you know, the tram would not go along the iron rails. Only the children listened with enthusiasm and curiosity, apparently his stories about the Big Stone City reminded them of a fairy tale.

This is later, in the years, the picking of the tank will learn to repair the engines and start the electric motors, and it will also turn on the first electric bulb in the new village on the new Earth.