Biography Gombozhap Tsybikov

The Buryat Ulus Urda-Aga is famous for the fact that Gombozhap Tsybikov was born here-a traveler, a professor-military, a researcher of Tibet. It was in Urda-Aga that the Caravan of Tsybikov was preparing in the distant Lhasa, where not a single scientist-military person of Russia could penetrate him. Bonfires were burning day and night, the stages rattled, multi -colored pieces of matter flashed, horses were laughing.

The elderly Urdaagins sewed clothes for participants in the campaign, drained dried meat, cooked a salamate - flour with butter, equipped horses, and young people danced and drove the choir around bonfires. The fees of Tsybikov into Lhasa turned into a big holiday for the ulus. There are one among the legends about Tsybikov, which cannot be ignored. One of the Tibetan soothsayers allegedly predicted Tsybikov that he would go through a life path, full of labor, greatness and honor.

Then they turned to the Gui River, seventeen miles rose along it and, taking the road to the right, crossed over a small hill. From the top of this pass, we opened a view of the Gumbum monastery, settling from Sinin-fu verses in twenty-five. Not having friends in the monastery, I was perplexed where to stop, but immediately at the entrance to the monastery, one young Buryat Lama met with us, who advised us to stay in the house of the soothsayer Lon-Bo-Chezhon.

Here they had a good reception and a small room was taken, where I lived from January 22 to February 6 and from February 28 until the very departure to Tibet on April 25. ” The full name of the monastery sounded like this: Gumbum Zhamba-Lin, which means "the world of Maitrea with one hundred thousand images." Where the blood was spilled from his navel, the Suburgan was erected - a sacred stupa.

A few years later, the sandalwood tree of the Zan Dan miraculously grew on this place, on the leaves of which the images of the gods of Manjushri, Yamataki, Avalokiteshvara of the Lion-Couns, Mahakali appeared. For a long time, due to an abundance of affairs, he could not visit his mother in Tszonha and once to her letter asking him to come allegedly: “Build a Sandalo tree of the Suburgan with one hundred thousand images of a lion -haired one - this will be equivalent to our date, and for all other living creatures is a great benefit.” The mother seemed to do so, as her son ordered - a wild bow glorified throughout Tibet.

Having hidden from outsiders, Tsybikov enters into the diary that one of the lamas was built in the Gumbum, “near the Suburgan, a small cell and settled about ten of his students in it, the number of which then increased to thirty. In the fifth year of the reign of Emperor Van Lee, in the year of the fiery cow, Comrade, sorting out the rosary, devout pilgrims scurry among the shrines of the gumbum.

The scientist’s hands are a large prayer mill, but the camera is hidden in it. Through the cunning system of the holes of Tsybikov, he quietly photographs the streets and shrines of Gumbum. His attention is attracted by the Tsan-Dan tree, covered from the eyes of pilgrims inside a large suburgan, trimmed with silver, gold and yellow Chinese satin. Next to the Suburgan, in which Tsan-Dan is covered, there is another tree, as if having a common root with him.

Tsybikov takes pictures: the images of the gods on the leaves cannot be disassembled, but sacred letters are clearly visible on the bark of the tree. The view of these letters leads to ecstasy, but Tsybikova is only interested in “a method that the letters on wood bark are reproduced so skillfully”. Tsybikov visits the medical faculty of the Gumbum, trying to solve the riddles of Tibetan healing, meets the Faculty of Zhyud.

The chosen ones study there - those who are able to withstand mental and moral overload. The invaluable relic of the temple Zhyud is considered to be a dime. Tsybikov internally shudders: “In this datsan, the skull of Mother Zonhava is stored, he is finished with gold and, facing up, contains rice grains that are distributed to the pilgrims as sacred, who have the power to heal illness.

In addition, they say that these grains themselves multiply, why they greatly contribute to the enrichment of their owners. ” In the monasteries, Gumbum and Labra Tsybikov spent almost three months. He waited for the massive course of pilgrims from Mongolia to a large festive prayer to Lhasa to begin. In fear of robbers, pilgrims prefer to overcome the roads of Tibet with large detachments.

Many have weapons with them. The rosary and prayer mills are good, but a carbine or hard drive is more reliable. The horrors tell about the people of the Hansylam Rabdan, who live due to the robberies of believers. Rabdan was once a monk, but soon he was bored with crossing the rosary and seeing blue smoke of rushing before the copper faces of the gods. Rabdana seduced the ringing of coins, shooting, and a stomp of horse hooves along the dry plain of Zaydam.

Under the old age of Hans-lam, Rabdan settled on the northeastern shore of Lake Kukunor, from time to time wrinkled and blinded, but still continued to rob. Fearing a meeting with the Hansa-Lama detachments, the caravan, to which Tsybikov joined, passed Lake Kukunor from the south side. The heavenly blue water of Cukunor is considered sacred, and the pilgrims washed with this water to drive sins, illnesses and fears.

Tibet begins.The Cook-Tuno Pass, a narrow road, is sculpting to the steep cliffs, under which the deep waters of the Nichi river boil. Only a mule with small packs will easily pass through this cornice. But in the caravan there are camels with a bulky cargo on the back and sides. Therefore, the pilgrims are decided to defeat the CUKO-BNOUT Pass. Caravans, pitying pack animals that suffocate, like people, endure part of the cargo on their backs.

The rams drive them with them as a provisions at fear at the sight of steep slopes, from under the feet of camels and horses, Tsybikov’s stones have to be broken with a roar with a roar. Tsybikov, along with everyone, sorted out the rosary and read prayers before the start and end of the road through the pass. His book of Zonkhava “Lam-Rim-shu” helped out, between the lines of which, under the guise of pious marks and a translation into Mongolian, he entered the lines of the diary.

Despite its modest species, a few sucks and a nondescript monastery, the napchu-jeanra was a kind of spiritual control post of Lhasa. After a thorough survey of pilgrims, the hidden Gentiles, atheists are identified and send them back - in essence, to tear the robbers. The head of the caravan is in thought. Among the pilgrims, a whisper went during the long journey: the Gombozhap Tsybikov is not a real pilgrim at all, and he goes to Lhasa not for a prayer service, but for some other purpose.

The chief of the caravan without abysses tells Tsybikov that he is obliged to report to Hambo-Lam, the ruler of the napachus-Chicar, about the presence of a person with the “Russian manners” in their caravan. But if there is money, then Tsybikov can pay off, says the chief of the caravan, let him lay out five Lanov silver on the gifts of Hambo Lama. The scientist was invited personally to come to "his Holiness." At the door of the house of Hambo Lama, weatkers hang: a wooden handle, twisted rawhide belts with knots at the ends.

The lashes hang, of course, not for decoration: they are beaten by those who make a fault. It goes, for example, to Lhasa, not being consecrated by the Lamaist faith. The Buryat Lama Chainjor Ayushnev is accompanied by Khambo-Lama Tsybikov, and it does not reach the lashes. Knowing all the subtleties of eastern flattery and Tibetan etiquette, Chaiojor makes the most good impression on Humba Lama.

Hambo -Lama releases Tsybikov with the world, moreover, he is allowed to visit the Holy of Saints Tibet - the city of Lhasa. The mountains of Tibet ripen the veil of the clouds, excite the imagination. Verse - pipes sing the power of the universe. Human feelings and fantasy to the limit. Tsybikov’s diaries are classically restrained - the reader barely captures the excitement of the heart behind the impassive line of the historian and ethnographer.

Lhasa - “Country of celestials” is so translated into Russian this name. Golden roofs are burning with fire. The walls of the Dalai Lama palace seem to grow directly from the mountains. Many beggars. The houses of ordinary inhabitants are made of brick-raw brick, Kryva and narrow streets. The Temple of the Big Zhu is the main shrine of the "country of celestials." Prayers to the Big and Small Zhu are accompanied by the offering of coins, oils, and ingot of gold.

Such bow, if there is no gold in the pocket, you need to make one hundred thousand. Interested in the art of soothsayers. As we recall, in Gumbum the scientist lived in the house of the soothsayer, in Labran he also visited a session of predictions. Did Tsybikov ask questions about his future fate? Especially a lot of them were in the Brybun monastery - more than forty people.

Tsybikov orders Zhu Moleben in the temple, gives each fellow countryman some money. The "his Holiness" is not cheap: we need to bring eight silver lanes into the treasury. As soon as we entered the door, some hasty chase began, the lamas standing here forced us to move forward as soon as possible, and if someone turned the eyes to the side or otherwise a darked, that mercilessly pushed forward.

" The worship ceremony is somewhat irritable and crumpled. What to do with such a person? He seems to be worthy of the most cruel punishment, but "marked by the sky, his skull has a special structure - the sacred dime! The pilgrims beat off the Dalai Lama, hand hadaki - gifts - at that time they gave him a cord of silk matter, he tied the knot and, blowing on it, laid it on my neck.

This guardian knot, consecrated after breath. Reading a special spell is considered a talisman guarding from misfortunes. The tea party ceremony begins. The Dalai Lama asks to answer the Dalai Lama question! Boiled rice is made, they generously fill the cups, but here again something strange begins. The pilgrims barely have time to throw in their mouths by a pinch of rice, as lamas immediately demand to clean the hall.

The bodyguards pus it more and more in the backs, they wander with scourges, shouting, shout: “Get out to clean up! Tsybikov works in the sweat of his face, photographs and records. Single -like, they seemed to have calm down and pounded; Is it a joke - he has a guard talisman of the Dalai Lama himself! In monasteries, the scientist from Lam buys ancient Buddhist books, listens to the disputes of monks.